Carum carvi– Caraway, meridian fennel, Persian cumin Apiaceae, formerly Umbelliferae ) – Celery family The raw material is the caraway fruit – Carvi fructus, and the caraway oil obtained from the fruit – Carvi oleum. The fruit are harvested in the second year of vegetation (June-July), when they start to brown in the umbels. The cut plants are left in the field to dry and are then threshed.
Cynara scolymus L. – Globe artichoke Asteraceae – Aster family The parts used in medicine include the fresh leaves and the herb of artichoke, harvested during blooming and dried in natural conditions.
Zingiber officinale – Ginger Zingiberaceae – Ginger family The raw material is the ginger rhizome – Zingiberis rhizoma and the oil isolated from it – Zingiberis oleum.
Helichrysum arenarium – Sandy everlasting Asteraceae – Aster family The part used in medicine is the sandy everlasting inflorescence – Helichrysi inflorescentia, harvested at the start of blooming and dried in drying rooms in max. 35° C. It has a sweet, slightly spicy and bitter, astringent smell.
Gentiana lutea – Great yellow gentian Gentianaceae family The raw material is the gentian root – Gentianae radix, harvested in the autumn from 3-4-year-old plants. The roots are cleaned, comminuted into 10- to 20-cm pieces, and swiftly dried in drying rooms in max. 50° C.
Allium sativum L. – Garlic Alliaceae – Onion family
Artemisia absinthium – Common wormwood Asteraceae, formerly Compositae – Aster family, formerly composite The raw material is the wormwood herb – Absinthii herba and leaf – Absinthii folium. They are harvested from July to September, before the flowers are fully developed, and dried in natural conditions (shaded and ventilated) or drying rooms in max. 35° C.
Menyanthes trifoliata – Bogbean Menyanthaceae family The part used in medicine is the bogbean leaf, harvested in May and June and dried in thin layers in shade and open air or in drying rooms.
Chelidonium maius – Greater celandine Papaveraceae – Poppy family The raw material is the celandine herb – Chelidonii herba and root (Chelidonii radix). The herb is harvested at the start of blooming and dried in natural conditions (shaded and ventilated) or in drying rooms in max. 40° C; it darkens as it dries. The root is harvested in the second year of vegetation, in the autumn, and dried in 50-60° C.
Cassia acutifolia, syn. C. orientalis ; Cassia angustifolia, syn. C. lanceolata, C. medicinalis, Senna Alexandria – Alexandrian senna Caesalpiniaceae – Peacock flower subfamily The raw materials include: the senna leaf – Sennae folium and fruit – Sennae fructus, harvested in Sudan and Upper Egypt as well as India and Pakistan. The entire plant is cut (from April to September) and sun-dried, after which individual leaflets are separated. The fruit are harvested when they are fully ripe and then sun-dried. Both of these raw materials, commonly known as senna, are sourced from two species of cassia – narrow-leafed and sharp-leafed.
PL